GNU Octave, version 2.1.36 (i686-pc-linux-gnu). Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 John W. Eaton. This is free software; see the source code for copying conditions. There is ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; not even for MERCHANTIBILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. For details, type `warranty'. Report bugs to . octave> california ans = 0 0 0 p = 30 4 100 p1 = 29.6580 4.2140 100.1280 p100 = 13.280 14.574 106.147 p1000 = 9.4487 17.1794 107.3719 octave> A A = 0.9850000 0.0020000 0.0010000 0.0050000 0.9910000 0.0010000 0.0100000 0.0070000 0.9980000 octave> eig(A) ans = 1.00000 0.98339 0.99061 octave> [S, L]=eig(A) S = -0.086569 -0.810499 -0.098784 -0.157397 0.490799 -0.652521 -0.983734 0.319700 0.751304 L = 1.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.98339 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.99061 octave> c=S(:,1) ans = -0.086569 -0.157397 -0.983734 octave> c=S(:,1) c = -0.086569 -0.157397 -0.983734 octave> [1,1,1]*c ans = -1.2277 octave> c = c / ([1,1,1]*c) ans = 0.070513 0.128205 0.801282 octave> c = c / ([1,1,1]*c) c = 0.070513 0.128205 0.801282 octave> A*c ans = 0.070513 0.128205 0.801282 octave> A^10000 ans = 0.070513 0.070513 0.070513 0.128205 0.128205 0.128205 0.801282 0.801282 0.801282 octave>