close Warning: Can't synchronize with repository "(default)" (The repository directory has changed, you should resynchronize the repository with: trac-admin $ENV repository resync '(default)'). Look in the Trac log for more information.

Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of TracInstall


Ignore:
Timestamp:
2015-05-25T08:23:07-07:00 (9 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

--

Legend:

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  • TracInstall

    v2 v3  
    1 = Trac Installation Guide for 0.12 =
     1{{{#!div style="margin-top: .5em; padding: 0 1em; background-color: #ffd; border:1px outset #ddc; text-align: center"
     2
     3 '''NOTE: the information in this page applies to Trac 1.0, the current version of Trac. \\
     4 For installing previous Trac versions, please refer to [[wiki:0.12/TracInstall]] (for Trac 0.12)'''
     5}}}
     6
     7= Trac Installation Guide for 1.0
    28[[TracGuideToc]]
    39
    410Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    511
    6 Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you **first** have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
     12Since version 0.12, Trac can also be localized, and there's probably a translation available for your language. If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version, as usual.
    713
    814If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhance the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
    915
    10 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at TracInstallPlatforms on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     16What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms] on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    1117
    1218[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
    1319
    14 == Dependencies ==
     20== Dependencies
    1521=== Mandatory Dependencies
    1622To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    1723
    18  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.4 and < 3.0
    19    (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.3 in this release)
     24 * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.5 and < 3.0
     25   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.4 in this release)
    2026 * [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
    2127 * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
    … …  
    2632==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
    2733
    28 If you're using Python 2.5 or 2.6, you already have everything you need.
    29 
    30 If you're using Python 2.4 and need pysqlite, you can download from
    31 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code] the Windows installers or the tar.gz archive for building from source:
    32 {{{
     34As you must be using Python 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
     35
     36However, if you'd like, you can download the latest and greatest version of [[trac:PySqlite]] from
     37[http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code], where you'll find the Windows
     38installers or the `tar.gz` archive for building from source:
     39{{{#!sh
    3340$ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    3441$ cd <version>
    … …  
    3643}}}
    3744 
    38 This will extract the SQLite code and build the bindings.
    39 
    40 To install SQLite, your system may require the development headers. Without these you will get various GCC related errors when attempting to build:
    41 
    42 {{{
    43 $ apt-get install libsqlite3-dev
    44 }}}
    45 
    46 SQLite 2.x is no longer supported, and neither is !PySqlite 1.1.x.
    47 
    48 A known bug !PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrade of trac databases
     45This will download the latest SQLite code and build the bindings.
     46
     47SQLite 2.x is no longer supported.
     48
     49A known bug in PySqlite versions 2.5.2-4 prohibits upgrades of Trac databases
    4950from 0.11.x to 0.12. Please use versions 2.5.5 and newer or 2.5.1 and
    50 older. See [trac:#9434] for more detail.
    51 
    52 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite].
     51older. See #9434 for more detail.
     52
     53See additional information in [trac:PySqlite PySqlite].
    5354
    5455==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
    … …  
    5657You need to install the database and its Python bindings:
    5758 * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
    58  * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2]
     59 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
    5960
    6061See [trac:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend] for details.
    … …  
    7273=== Optional Dependencies
    7374
    74 ==== Version Control System ====
    75 
    76 ===== Subversion =====
    77  * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.4.0, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page. Versions prior to 1.4.0 won't probably work since trac uses svn core functionality (e.g. svn_path_canonicalize) that is not implemented in the python swig wrapper in svn <= 1.3.x (although it exists in the svn lib itself).
     75==== Version Control System
     76
     77===== Subversion
     78 * [http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.5.x or 1.6.x and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. Older versions starting from 1.0, like 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2, etc. should still work. For troubleshooting information, check the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
    7879
    7980There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. TracSubversion points you to [http://alagazam.net Algazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
    8081
    81 Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings. [Is there a ticket for implementing ctype bindings?]
     82Note that Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], neither does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
    8283
    8384
    … …  
    8586
    8687
    87 ===== Others =====
    88 
    89 Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersioningSystemBackend].
    90 
    91 ==== Web Server ====
    92 A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server ] section below.
    93 
    94 Alternatively you configure Trac to run in any of the following environments.
     88===== Others
     89
     90Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     91
     92==== Web Server
     93A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server] section below.
     94
     95Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments.
    9596 * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
    9697   - [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
    9798     http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac
    98    - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.3.1], deprecated: see TracModPython)
     99   - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.3.1], (deprecated: see TracModPython)
    99100 * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
    100101 * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
    101    server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     102   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
    102103 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
    103104   is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
    104105   
    105106
    106 ==== Other Python Packages ====
     107==== Other Python Packages
    107108
    108109 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version >= 0.9.5,
    109    needed for localization support[[BR]]
    110    ''Note: '' If you want to be able to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you first have installed the optional package Babel. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default english version, as usual. If you install Babel later on, you will need to re-install Trac.
     110   needed for localization support (unreleased version 1.0dev should work as well)
    111111 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
    112112   for WikiRestructuredText.
    113  * [http://pygments.pocoo.org Pygments] for
     113 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
    114114   [wiki:TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
    115115   [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] and/or
    … …  
    120120   an internal time zone implementation.
    121121
    122 '''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     122'''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
    123123
    124124Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing'' (there are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!).
    125125
    126126
    127 == Installing Trac ==
     127== Installing Trac
    128128=== Using `easy_install`
    129129One way to install Trac is using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
    130 With setuptools you can install Trac from the subversion repository;
     130With setuptools you can install Trac from the Subversion repository;
    131131
    132132A few examples:
    133133
    134  - first install of the latest stable version Trac 0.12.1, with i18n support:
    135    {{{
    136    easy_install Babel==0.9.5 Genshi==0.6
    137    easy_install Trac
     134 - Install Trac 1.0:
     135   {{{#!sh
     136   easy_install Trac==1.0
    138137   }}}
    139    ''It's very important to run the two `easy_install` commands separately, otherwise the message catalogs won't be generated.''
    140 
    141  - upgrade to the latest stable version of Trac:
    142    {{{
    143    easy_install -U Trac
     138 - Install latest development version:
     139   {{{#!sh
     140   easy_install Trac==dev
    144141   }}}
    145 
    146  - upgrade to the latest trunk development version (0.13dev):
    147    {{{
    148    easy_install -U Trac==dev
    149    }}}
    150 
    151 For upgrades, reading the TracUpgrade page is mandatory, of course.
    152 
    153 === From source
    154 If you want more control, you can download the source in archive form, or do a checkout from one of the official [[Trac:TracRepositories|source code repositories]].
    155 
    156 Be sure to have the prerequisites already installed. You can also obtain the Genshi and Babel source packages from http://www.edgewall.org and follow for them a similar installation procedure, or you can just easy_install those, see [#Usingeasy_install above].
    157 
    158 Once you've unpacked the Trac archive or performed the checkout, move in the top-level folder and do:
    159 {{{
    160 $ python ./setup.py install
    161 }}}
    162 
    163 ''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
    164 
    165 This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
    166 of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
    167 
    168 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    169 
    170 If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure  Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
    171 {{{
    172 $ python ./setup.py install
    173 }}}
    174 Alternatively, you can do a `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from dist/ to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
    175 
    176 === Advanced Options ===
    177 
    178 To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    179 {{{
    180 easy_install --help
    181 }}}
    182 
    183 Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
    184 
    185 Specifically, you might be interested in:
    186 {{{
    187 easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    188 }}}
    189 or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
    190 {{{
    191 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    192 }}}
    193 Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default
    194 
    195 The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     142   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
     143   either use a released version or install from source
     144
     145{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     146**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in the sections on [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running The Standalone Server] and [#RunningTraconaWebServer Running Trac on a Web Server].
     147}}}
    196148
    197149=== Using `pip`
    198150'pip' is an easy_install replacement that is very useful to quickly install python packages.
    199 To get a trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
    200 
    201 Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in /opt/user/trac:
     151To get a Trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
     152
     153Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
    202154
    203155 -
    204 {{{
    205 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac psycopg2
     156 {{{#!sh
     157pip install trac psycopg2
    206158}}}
    207159or
    208160 -
    209 {{{
    210 pip -E /opt/user/trac install trac mysql-python
    211 }}}
    212 
    213 Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (libpq-dev) or MySQL (libmysqlclient-dev) bindings.
    214 
    215 pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in /opt/user/trac .
    216 
    217 All commands (tracd, trac-admin) are available in /opt/user/trac/bin. This can also be leveraged for mod_python (using !PythonHandler directive) and mod_wsgi (using WSGIDaemonProcess directive)
    218 
    219 Additionally, you can install several trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
    220 
    221 
    222 
    223 == Creating a Project Environment ==
     161 {{{#!sh
     162pip install trac mysql-python
     163}}}
     164
     165Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
     166
     167pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.) and download the latest packages on pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     168
     169All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
     170
     171Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [http://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=search&term=trac&submit=search here]) through pip.
     172
     173
     174
     175=== From source
     176Of course, using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works.
     177
     178You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`), or you can get the source directly from the repository (see [trac:SubversionRepository] for details).
     179
     180{{{#!sh
     181$ python ./setup.py install
     182}}}
     183
     184''You'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
     185
     186This will byte-compile the Python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
     187of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
     188
     189The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
     190
     191If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
     192{{{#!sh
     193$ python ./setup.py install
     194}}}
     195Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
     196
     197=== Advanced Options
     198
     199To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
     200{{{#!sh
     201easy_install --help
     202}}}
     203
     204Also see [http://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
     205
     206Specifically, you might be interested in:
     207{{{#!sh
     208easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
     209}}}
     210or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
     211{{{#!sh
     212easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
     213}}}
     214Note: If installing on Mac OS X 10.6 running {{{ easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/trunk }}} will install into {{{ /usr/local }}} and {{{ /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages }}} by default.
     215
     216The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     217
     218
     219== Creating a Project Environment
    224220
    225221A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend storage where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and various other files and directories.
    226222
    227223A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    228 {{{
     224{{{#!sh
    229225$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    230226}}}
    … …  
    235231For the other [DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
    236232
    237 Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterward, or the version control support can be disabled completely if you don't need it.
     233Since 0.12, Trac doesn't ask for a [TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository] anymore when creating an environment. Repositories can be [TracRepositoryAdmin added] afterwards, and support for specific version control systems is disabled by default.
    238234
    239235Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
    240236
     237When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2 (though the best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution when possible regardless of the version of Trac you are running).
     238
    241239Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
    242 {{{
    243 # chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
    244 }}}
     240{{{#!sh
     241$ chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
     242}}}
     243
     244The actual username and groupname of the apache server may not be exactly `apache`, and are specified in the Apache configuration file by the directives `User` and `Group` (if Apache `httpd` is what you use).
    245245
    246246{{{#!div class=important
    … …  
    249249
    250250
    251 == Running the Standalone Server ==
     251== Deploying Trac
     252
     253=== Running the Standalone Server
    252254
    253255After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
    254 {{{
     256{{{#!sh
    255257$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    256258}}}
    257259
    258260Then, fire up a browser and visit `http://localhost:8000/`. You should get a simple listing of all environments that `tracd` knows about. Follow the link to the environment you just created, and you should see Trac in action. If you only plan on managing a single project with Trac you can have the standalone server skip the environment list by starting it like this:
    259 {{{
     261{{{#!sh
    260262$ tracd -s --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    261263}}}
    262264
    263 == Running Trac on a Web Server ==
    264 
    265 Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server: [wiki:TracCgi CGI], [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI], [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi] and [wiki:TracModPython mod_python]. For decent performance, it is recommended that you use either FastCGI or mod_wsgi.
    266 
    267 Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS.
    268 
    269 ==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ====
     265{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     266**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. The environment variable can be set system-wide, or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     267
     268To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     269{{{#!sh
     270export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     271}}}
     272
     273Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     274{{{#!sh
     275$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     276}}}
     277}}}
     278
     279=== Running Trac on a Web Server
     280
     281Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
     282 - [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     283 - [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]
     284 - //[wiki:TracModPython mod_python] (no longer recommended, as mod_python is not actively maintained anymore)//
     285 - //[wiki:TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     286
     287Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
     288
     289==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
    270290
    271291In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    272292
    273293There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    274 {{{
     294{{{#!sh
    275295mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    276296trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
    … …  
    278298mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    279299}}}
    280 
    281 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache ====
    282 
    283 Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
    284 
    285 == Configuring Authentication ==
    286 
    287 The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac. The basic procedure is described in the [wiki:TracCgi#AddingAuthentication "Adding Authentication"] section on the TracCgi page. To learn how to setup authentication for the frontend you're using, please refer to one of the following pages:
    288 
    289  * TracStandalone if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    290  * TracCgi if you use the CGI or FastCGI web front ends.
    291  * [wiki:TracModWSGI] if you use the Apache mod_wsgi web front end.
    292  * TracModPython if you use the Apache mod_python web front end.
    293 
    294 
    295 == Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ==
     300Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
     301
     302
     303==== Mapping Static Resources
     304
     305Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For anything but a tracd only based deployment, this is far from optimal as the web server could be set up to directly serve those static resources (for CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' and will cause abysmal performance).
     306
     307Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by Trac itself.
     308
     309There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible by `/chrome/<plugin>` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
     310
     311Note that in order to get those static resources on the filesystem, you need first to extract the relevant resources from Trac using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
     312[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     313
     314The target `<directory>` will then contain an `htdocs` directory with:
     315 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's directory `htdocs/`
     316 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac itself
     317 - `<plugins>/` - one directory for each resource directory managed by the plugins enabled for this environment
     318
     319===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     320
     321Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     322{{{#!sh
     323$ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
     324}}}
     325
     326Add the following snippet to Apache configuration ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` (which map all the other requests to the Trac application), changing paths to match your deployment:
     327{{{#!apache
     328Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
     329Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     330
     331<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
     332  Order allow,deny
     333  Allow from all
     334</Directory>
     335}}}
     336
     337If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
     338{{{#!apache
     339<Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
     340  SetHandler None
     341</Location>
     342}}}
     343
     344Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.*cgi` script, and the path `/trac/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
     345
     346Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's `htdocs` directory (which is referenced by `/trac/chrome/site` URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
     347{{{#!apache
     348Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
     349
     350<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
     351  Order allow,deny
     352  Allow from all
     353</Directory>
     354}}}
     355
     356Alternatively to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common`, you can tell Trac to generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[wiki:TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     357{{{#!ini
     358[trac]
     359htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
     360}}}
     361Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources (preferentially [http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/docs/request.html#ServeFromCookielessDomain cookie-less]).
     362
     363Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     364{{{#!sh
     365$ ln -s /path/to/trac/htdocs/common /var/www/static.example.org/trac-common
     366}}}
     367
     368
     369==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     370
     371Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     372
     373== Configuring Authentication
     374
     375Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the `REMOTE_USER` variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
     376
     377The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac.
     378
     379Please refer to one of the following sections:
     380 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
     381 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi` of course, but the same instructions applies also for `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
     382 * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
     383
     384The following document also constains some useful information for beginners: [trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction].
     385
     386== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     387Grant admin rights to user admin:
     388{{{#!sh
     389$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
     390}}}
     391This user will have an "Admin" entry menu that will allow you to administrate your Trac project.
     392
     393== Finishing the install
     394
     395=== Enable version control components
     396
     397Support for version control systems is provided by optional components in Trac and the components are disabled by default //(since 1.0)//. Subversion and Git must be explicitly enabled if you wish to use them. See TracRepositoryAdmin for more details.
     398
     399The components can be enabled by adding the following to the `[components]` section of your [TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
     400
     401{{{#!ini
     402tracopt.versioncontrol.svn.* = enabled
     403}}}
     404
     405{{{#!ini
     406tracopt.versioncontrol.git.* = enabled
     407}}}
     408
     409After enabling the components, repositories can be configured through the "Repositories" admin panel or by editing [TracIni#repositories-section trac.ini].
     410
     411=== Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets
    296412
    297413You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever changes are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    … …  
    300416
    301417This functionality requires a post-commit hook to be installed as described in [wiki:TracRepositoryAdmin#ExplicitSync TracRepositoryAdmin], and enabling the optional commit updater components by adding the following line to the `[components]` section of your [wiki:TracIni#components-section trac.ini], or enabling the components in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    302 {{{
     418{{{#!ini
    303419tracopt.ticket.commit_updater.* = enabled
    304420}}}
    305421For more information, see the documentation of the `CommitTicketUpdater` component in the "Plugins" admin panel.
    306422
    307 == Using Trac ==
     423=== Using Trac
    308424
    309425Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
    310426
    311 Keep in mind that anonymous (not logged in) users can by default access most but not all of the features. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     427Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    312428
    313429'' Enjoy! ''
    … …  
    316432
    317433----
    318 See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracCgi, TracFastCgi, TracModPython, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracUpgrade, TracPermissions
     434See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracUpgrade, TracPermissions